Sex hormones and macronutrient metabolism.

ABSTRACT: The biological differences between males and females are determined by a different set of genes and by a different reactivity to environmental stimuli, including the diet, in general. These differences are further emphasized and driven by the exposure to a different hormone flux throughout the life. These differences have not been taken into appropriate consideration by the scientific community. Nutritional sciences are not immune from this "bias" and when nutritional needs are concerned, females are considered only when pregnant, lactating or when their hormonal profile is returning back to "normal," i.e., to the male-like profile. The authors highlight some of the most evident differences in aspects of biology that are associated with nutrition. This review presents and describes availab

SUBMITTER: Comitato R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4151815 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature