Preconception care: caffeine, smoking, alcohol, drugs and other environmental chemical/radiation exposure.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

As providing health education, optimizing nutrition, and managing risk factors can be effective for ensuring a healthy outcome for women and her yet un-conceived baby, external influences play a significant role as well. Alcohol, smoking, caffeine use and other similar lifestyle factors, have now become an integral part of the daily life of most men and women, who use/misuse one or more of these harmful substances regularly despite knowledge of their detrimental effects. The adverse health outcomes of these voluntary and involuntary exposures are of even greater concern in women of child bearing age where the exposure has the potential of inflicting harm to two generations. This paper is examining the available literature for the possible effects of caffeine consumptio

SUBMITTER: Lassi ZS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4196566 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature