Estrogen receptor coregulators and pioneer factors: the orchestrators of mammary gland cell fate and development.

ABSTRACT: The steroid hormone, 17β-estradiol (E2), plays critical role in various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis, and is essential for reproduction and mammary gland development. E2 actions are mediated by two classical nuclear hormone receptors, estrogen receptor α and β (ERs). The activity of ERs depends on the coordinated activity of ligand binding, post-translational modifications (PTMs), and importantly the interaction with their partner proteins called "coregulators." Because coregulators are proved to be crucial for ER transcriptional activity, and majority of breast cancers are ERα positive, an increased interest in the field has led to the identification of a large number of coregulators. In the last decade, gene knockout studies usin

SUBMITTER: Manavathi B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4207046 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature