Nutrition in dementia.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Lam RE
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4234718 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Nutrition in dementia.
Lam Robert E RE Lam Peter J PJ
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne 20141020 17
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Project description:Observational studies suggest that nutritional factors have a potential cognitive benefit. However, systematic reviews of randomised trials of dietary and nutritional supplements have reported largely null effects on cognitive outcomes and have highlighted study inconsistencies and other limitations. In this Personal View, the Nutrition for Dementia Prevention Working Group presents what we consider to be limitations in the existing nutrition clinical trials for dementia prevention. On the basis of this evidence, we propose recommendations for incorporating dietary patterns and the use of genetic, and nutrition assessment tools, biomarkers, and novel clinical trial designs to guide future trial developments. Nutrition-based research has unique challenges that could require testing both more personalised interventions in targeted risk subgroups, identified by nutritional and other biomarkers, and large-scale and pragmatic study designs for more generalisable public health interventions across diverse populations.
| S-EPMC9273104 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A nutritional approach to prevent, slow, or halt the progression of disease is a promising strategy that has been widely investigated. Much epidemiologic data suggests that nutritional intake may influence the development and progression of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Modifiable, environmental causes of AD include potential metabolic derangements caused by dietary insufficiency and or excess that may be corrected by nutritional supplementation and or dietary modification. Many nutritional supplements contain a myriad of health promoting constituents (anti-oxidants, vitamins, trace minerals, flavonoids, lipids, …etc.) that may have novel mechanisms of action affecting cellular health and regeneration, the aging process itself, or may specifically disrupt pathogenic pathways in the development of AD. Nutritional modifications have the advantage of being cost effective, easy to implement, socially acceptable and generally safe and devoid of significant adverse events in most cases. Many nutritional interventions have been studied and continue to be evaluated in hopes of finding a successful agent, combination of agents, or dietary modifications that can be used for the prevention and or treatment of AD. The current review focuses on several key nutritional compounds and dietary modifications that have been studied in humans, and further discusses the rationale underlying their potential utility for the prevention and treatment of AD.
| S-EPMC4202787 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7318880 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionCurrent nutritional strategies for people with dementia focus on nutritional diets and regimens, although in recent years congruent care for people with dementia has been increasingly recognized to improve their wellbeing. This includes consistency of care, respecting the variability of psycho-sociological factors, emphasizing the importance of participation in activities, and congruence with the individual's needs and capabilities. When applied to the nutritional aspects of care, it aims to empower people with dementia to have an active role in their care and during meals. Congruent care has previously shown promising results in improving the quality of life of residents, reducing the incidence of negative social interactions and daily intake of medicines.MethodsA mixed methods qualitative-quantitative study was carried out. Out of 102 residential care homes for the elderly in Slovenia, a non-random sample of homes was selected. Seven homes that have implemented congruent care and five who have not implemented it agreed to participate. Content analysis of the transcripts of focus group interviews was carried out, to establish how the congruent care model was included into their everyday practice of care for people with dementia. Qualitative comparative analysis was used to describe the differences in the practice of care between the two groups of homes, in the fields of nutritional and general care. Frequencies and assigned importance of statements relating to different aspects of nutritional care were statistically compared.ResultsThe introduction of congruent care improved the wellbeing of the people with dementia, as observed by caregivers. The homes that had implemented congruent care gave more attention to the food choice aspects of nutritional care (p = 0.0474, 95%CICongruent = 50.77-72.35%, 95%CINon-congruent = 27.65-49.23%), while the homes that had not were more attentive to the dietary intake aspects (p = 0.0067, 95%CICongruent = 22.79-44.74%, 95%CINon-congruent = 55.26-77.21%). In the homes for the elderly that had implemented congruent care, both caregivers and management reported that the frequency of use of pro re nata medication decreased, which is supported by the results of the linear regression ( R2adjusted =78.4, p = 0.005), although the data available is limited.ConclusionFirst, the people with dementia in the care homes that had implemented congruent care were observed to have improved in mood, attitudes toward eating and wellbeing, as reported by caregivers. Second, the implementation of congruent care was well received by the management and caregivers of the care homes. A model of implementation of congruent nutritional care for people with dementia is presented.
| S-EPMC8931699 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimsTo synthesize the qualitative evidence of the views and experiences of people living with dementia, family carers, and practitioners on practice related to nutrition and hydration of people living with dementia who are nearing end of life.DesignSystematic review and narrative synthesis of qualitative studies.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL.Review methodsDatabases were searched for qualitative studies from January 2000-February 2020. Quantitative studies, or studies reporting on biological mechanisms, assessments, scales or diagnostic tools were excluded. Results were synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach with thematic analysis.ResultsTwenty studies were included; 15 explored the views of practitioners working with people living with dementia in long-term care settings or in hospitals. Four themes were developed: challenges of supporting nutrition and hydration; balancing the views of all parties involved with 'the right thing to do'; national context and sociocultural influences; and strategies to support nutrition and hydration near the end of life in dementia.ConclusionThe complexity of supporting nutrition and hydration near the end of life for someone living with dementia relates to national context, lack of knowledge, and limited planning while the person can communicate.ImpactThis review summarizes practitioners and families' experiences and highlights the need to include people living with dementia in studies to help understand their views and preferences about nutrition and hydration near the end of life; and those of their families supporting them in the community. The review findings are relevant to multidisciplinary teams who can learn from strategies to help with nutrition and hydration decisions and support.
| S-EPMC7898342 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of C. lusitaniae WT a and WT alpha cells on 0.37% PDA (potato dextrose agar) for 30 minutes (m), 2 hours (h), or 24h hybridized against WT a and WT alpha cells in YPD (yeast peptone dextrose) for 2h WT a or WT alpha cells were incubated on PDA medium for 30 minutes, 2 hours, or 24 hours and hybridized against WT a or alpha cells (respectively) incubated on YPD for 2 hours, 2 biological replicates
2014-02-01 | E-GEOD-51790 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of C. lusitaniae WT a and WT alpha cells on 0.37% PDA (potato dextrose agar) for 30 minutes (m), 2 hours (h), or 24h hybridized against WT a and WT alpha cells in YPD (yeast peptone dextrose) for 2h
2014-02-01 | GSE51790 | GEO
Project description:It is a strong and commonly held belief among nutrition clinicians that enteral nutrition is preferable to parenteral nutrition. We provide a narrative review of more recent studies and technical reviews comparing enteral nutrition with parenteral nutrition. Despite significant weaknesses in the existing data, current literature continues to support the use of enteral nutrition in patients requiring nutrition support, over parenteral nutrition.
| S-EPMC3589130 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundThis systematic review aimed to explore the process of decision-making for nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia from the perspectives and experiences of all involved.MethodsWe searched CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases. Search terms were related to dementia, decision-making, nutrition and hydration. Qualitative, quantitative and case studies that focused on decision-making about nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia were included. The CASP and Murad tools were used to appraise the quality of included studies. Data extraction was guided by the Interprofessional Shared Decision Making (IP-SDM) model. We conducted a narrative synthesis using thematic analysis. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019131497.ResultsForty-five studies were included (20 qualitative, 15 quantitative and 10 case studies), comprising data from 17 countries and 6020 patients, family caregivers and practitioners. The studies covered a range of decisions from managing oral feeding to the use of tube feeding. We found that decisions about nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia were generally too complex to be mapped onto the precise linear steps of the existing decision-making model. Decision-making processes around feeding for people living with dementia were largely influenced by medical evidence, personal values, cultures and organizational routine. Although the process involved multiple people, family caregivers and non-physician practitioners were often excluded in making a final decision. Upon disagreement, nutrition interventions were sometimes delivered with conflicting feelings concealed by family caregivers or practitioners. Most conflicts and negative feelings were resolved by good relationship, honest communication, multidisciplinary team meetings and renegotiation.ConclusionsThe decision-making process regarding nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia does not follow a linear process. It needs an informed, value-sensitive, and collaborative process. However, it often characterized by unclear procedures and with a lack of support. Decisional support is needed and should be approached in a shared and stepwise manner.
| S-EPMC7709405 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The Aging, Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Study is a detailed neuropathologic, molecular and transcriptomic characterization of brains of control and TBI exposure cases from a unique aged population-based cohort from the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study. This study was developed by a consortium consisting of the University of Washington, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, and the Allen Institute for Brain Science, and was supported by the Paul G. Allen Family Foundation. This freely available resource (http://aging.brain-map.org/) presents a systematic and extensive data set of study participant metadata, quantitative histology and protein measurements of neuropathology, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of hippocampus and neocortex. Specific methodological details are available on the “Documentation” tab at http://aging.brain-map.org/. Included in this data set are normalized RNA-Seq FPKM files used for analysis in "Neuropathological and transcriptomic characteristics of the aged brain", published in eLife. Other processed data files as well as sample and donor meta-data and QC metrics are available at http://aging.brain-map.org/download/index Controlled access to raw data files is available via https://www.niagads.org/datasets/ng00059
2017-10-16 | GSE104687 | GEO