Child characteristics and parental educational expectations: evidence for transmission with transaction.

ABSTRACT: Parents' expectations for their children's ultimate educational attainment have been hypothesized to play an instrumental role in socializing academically relevant child behaviors, beliefs, and abilities. In addition to social transmission of educationally relevant values from parents to children, parental expectations and child characteristics may transact bidirectionally. We explore this hypothesis using both longitudinal and genetically informative twin data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth and Kindergarten cohorts. Our behavior genetic results indicate that parental expectations partly reflect child genetic variation, even as early as 4 years of age. Two classes of child characteristics were hypothesized to contribute to these child-to-parent effects: behavioral tenden

SUBMITTER: Briley DA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4250430 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature