Canonical and noncanonical vascular endothelial growth factor pathways: new developments in biology and signal transduction.

ABSTRACT: The past 5 years have witnessed a significant expansion in our understanding of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. In particular, the process of canonical activation of VEGF receptor tyrosine kinases by homodimeric VEGF molecules has now been broadened by the realization that heterodimeric ligands and receptors are also active participants in the signaling process. Although heterodimer receptors were described 2 decades ago, their impact, along with the effect of additional cell surface partners and novel autocrine VEGF signaling pathways, are only now starting to be clarified. Furthermore, ligand-independent signaling (noncanonical) has been identified through galectin and gremlin binding and upon rise of intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species. Activation of the

SUBMITTER: Domigan CK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4270848 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature