Dataset Information

Long working hours and alcohol use: systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To quantify the association between long working hours and alcohol use.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data.

Data sources

A systematic search of PubMed and Embase databases in April 2014 for published studies, supplemented with manual searches. Unpublished individual participant data were obtained from 27 additional studies.

Review methods

The search strategy was designed to retrieve cross sectional and prospective studies of the association between long working hours and alcohol use. Summary estimates were obtained with random effects meta-analysis. Sources of heterogeneity were examined with meta-regression.

Results

Cross sectional analysis was based on 61 studies representing 333,693 participants from 14 countries. Prospective analysis was based on 20 studies representing 100,602 participants from nine countries. The pooled maximum adjusted odds ratio for the association between long working hours and alcohol use was 1.11 (95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.18) in the cross sectional analysis of published and unpublished data. Odds ratio of new onset risky alcohol use was 1.12 (1.04 to 1.20) in the analysis of prospective published and unpublished data. In the 18 studies with individual participant data it was possible to assess the European Union Working Time Directive, which recommends an upper limit of 48 hours a week. Odds ratios of new onset risky alcohol use for those working 49-54 hours and ≥ 55 hours a week were 1.13 (1.02 to 1.26; adjusted difference in incidence 0.8 percentage points) and 1.12 (1.01 to 1.25; adjusted difference in incidence 0.7 percentage points), respectively, compared with working standard 35-40 hours (incidence of new onset risky alcohol use 6.2%). There was no difference in these associations between men and women or by age or socioeconomic groups, geographical regions, sample type (population based v occupational cohort), prevalence of risky alcohol use in the cohort, or sample attrition rate.

Conclusions

Individuals whose working hours exceed standard recommendations are more likely to increase their alcohol use to levels that pose a health risk.

SUBMITTER: Virtanen M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4293546 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Long working hours and alcohol use: systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data.

Virtanen Marianna M Jokela Markus M Nyberg Solja T ST Madsen Ida E H IE Lallukka Tea T Ahola Kirsi K Alfredsson Lars L Batty G David GD Bjorner Jakob B JB Borritz Marianne M Burr Hermann H Casini Annalisa A Clays Els E De Bacquer Dirk D Dragano Nico N Erbel Raimund R Ferrie Jane E JE Fransson Eleonor I EI Hamer Mark M Heikkilä Katriina K Jöckel Karl-Heinz KH Kittel France F Knutsson Anders A Koskenvuo Markku M Ladwig Karl-Heinz KH Lunau Thorsten T Nielsen Martin L ML Nordin Maria M Oksanen Tuula T Pejtersen Jan H JH Pentti Jaana J Rugulies Reiner R Salo Paula P Schupp Jürgen J Siegrist Johannes J Singh-Manoux Archana A Steptoe Andrew A Suominen Sakari B SB Theorell Töres T Vahtera Jussi J Wagner Gert G GG Westerholm Peter J M PJ Westerlund Hugo H Kivimäki Mika M

BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 20150113

<h4>Objective</h4>To quantify the association between long working hours and alcohol use.<h4>Design</h4>Systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data.<h4>Data sources</h4>A systematic search of PubMed and Embase databases in April 2014 for published studies, supplemented with manual searches. Unpublished individual participant data were obtained from 27 additional studies.<h4>Review methods</h4>The search strategy was designed to retrieve cr ...[more]

PMID: 25587065

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Dataset Information

Long working hours and alcohol use: systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data.

Objective

Design

Data sources

Review methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Long working hours and alcohol use: systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data.

Similar Datasets

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