Confounding factors in using upward feedback to assess the quality of medical training: a systematic review.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Upward feedback is becoming more widely used in medical training as a means of quality control. Multiple biases exist, thus the accuracy of upward feedback is debatable. This study aims to identify factors that could influence upward feedback, especially in medical training.

Methods

A systematic review using a structured search strategy was performed. Thirty-five databases were searched. Results were reviewed and relevant abstracts were shortlisted. All studies in English, both medical and non-medical literature, were included. A simple pro-forma was used initially to identify the pertinent areas of upward feedback, so that a focused pro-forma could be designed for data extraction.

Results

A total of 204 articles were reviewed. Most studies on upward feedback

SUBMITTER: Zhou AY 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4309940 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature