TLR4 genotype and environmental LPS mediate RSV bronchiolitis through Th2 polarization.

ABSTRACT: While 30%-70% of RSV-infected infants develop bronchiolitis, 2% require hospitalization. It is not clear why disease severity differs among healthy, full-term infants; however, virus titers, inflammation, and Th2 bias are proposed explanations. While TLR4 is associated with these disease phenotypes, the role of this receptor in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pathogenesis is controversial. Here, we evaluated the interaction between TLR4 and environmental factors in RSV disease and defined the immune mediators associated with severe illness. Two independent populations of infants with RSV bronchiolitis revealed that the severity of RSV infection is determined by the TLR4 genotype of the individual and by environmental exposure to LPS. RSV-infected infants with severe disease exhibited a h

SUBMITTER: Caballero MT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4319428 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature