Differentiated thyroid cancer: focus on emerging treatments for radioactive iodine-refractory patients.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer refractory to radioactive iodine (RAI) had been hampered by few effective therapies. Recently, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have shown activity in this disease. Clinical guidance on the use of these agents in RAI-refractory thyroid cancer is warranted.

Materials and methods

Molecular mutations found in RAI-refractory thyroid cancer are summarized. Recent phase II and III clinical trial data for TKIs axitinib, lenvatinib, motesanib, pazopanib, sorafenib, sunitinib, and vandetinib are reviewed including efficacy and side effect profiles. Molecular targets and potencies of these agents are compared. Inhibitors of BRAF, mammalian target of rapamycin, and MEK are considered.

Results

Routine testing for molecula

SUBMITTER: Gruber JJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4319630 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature