Consistent inhibition of cyclooxygenase drives macrophages towards the inflammatory phenotype.

ABSTRACT: Macrophages play important roles in defense against infection, as well as in homeostasis maintenance. Thus alterations of macrophage function can have unexpected pathological results. Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors are widely used to relieve pain, but the effects of long-term usage on macrophage function remain to be elucidated. Using bone marrow-derived macrophage culture and long-term COX inhibitor treatments in BALB/c mice and zebrafish, we showed that chronic COX inhibition drives macrophages into an inflammatory state. Macrophages differentiated in the presence of SC-560 (COX-1 inhibitor), NS-398 (COX-2 inhibitor) or indomethacin (COX-1/2 inhibitor) for 7 days produced more TNFα or IL-12p70 with enhanced p65/IκB phosphoylation. YmI and IRF4 expression was reduced significantly, indic

SUBMITTER: Na YR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4334507 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature