Select host restriction factors are associated with HIV persistence during antiretroviral therapy.

ABSTRACT: The eradication of HIV necessitates elimination of the HIV latent reservoir. Identifying host determinants governing latency and reservoir size in the setting of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an important step in developing strategies to cure HIV infection. We sought to determine the impact of cell-intrinsic immunity on the HIV latent reservoir.We investigated the relevance of a comprehensive panel of established anti-HIV-1 host restriction factors to multiple established virologic and immunologic measures of viral persistence in HIV-1-infected, ART-suppressed individuals.We measured the mRNA expression of 42 anti-HIV-1 host restriction factors, levels of cell-associated HIV-1 RNA, levels of total pol and 2-long terminal repeat (2-LTR) circle HIV-1 DNA and immunophenotypes of CD4 T cells in 72 HIV-1-infected individuals on suppressive ART (23 individuals initiated ART less than 1 year post-infection, and 49 individuals initiated ART greater than 1 year post-infection). Correlations were analysed using nonparametric tests.The enhanced expression of a few select host restriction factors, p21, schlafen 11 and PAF1, was strongly associated with reduced CD4 T-cell associated HIV RNA during ART (P?

SUBMITTER: Abdel-Mohsen M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4385712 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature