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A preclinical study demonstrating the efficacy of nilotinib in inhibiting the growth of pediatric high-grade glioma.

ABSTRACT: Solid tumors arising from malignant transformation of glial cells are one of the leading causes of central nervous system tumor-related death in children. Recurrence in spite of rigorous surgical and chemoradiation therapies remains a major hurdle in management of these tumors. Here, we investigate the efficacy of the second-generation receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib as a therapeutic option for the management of pediatric gliomas. We have utilized two independent pediatric high-grade glioma cell lines with either high platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) or high PDGFRβ expression in in vitro assays to investigate the specific downstream effects of nilotinib treatment. Using in vitro cell-based assays we show that nilotinib inhibits PDGF-BB-dependent activation of PDGFRα. We further show that nilotinib is able to decrease cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth via suppression of AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Our results suggest that nilotinib may be effective for management of a PDGFRα-dependent group of pediatric gliomas.

SUBMITTER: Au K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4436849 | biostudies-literature | 2015 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A preclinical study demonstrating the efficacy of nilotinib in inhibiting the growth of pediatric high-grade glioma.

Au Karolyn K Singh Sanjay K SK Burrell Kelly K Sabha Nesrin N Hawkins Cynthia C Huang Annie A Zadeh Gelareh G

Journal of neuro-oncology 20150304 3

Solid tumors arising from malignant transformation of glial cells are one of the leading causes of central nervous system tumor-related death in children. Recurrence in spite of rigorous surgical and chemoradiation therapies remains a major hurdle in management of these tumors. Here, we investigate the efficacy of the second-generation receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib as a therapeutic option for the management of pediatric gliomas. We have utilized two independent pediatric high-grad ...[more]

PMID: 25732621

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Project description:Pediatric high-grade glioma (HGG) is a type of malignancy that carries a poor prognosis. The genetic analysis of HGGs has previously identified useful mutations, the targeting of which has improved prognosis. Thus, further research into the more common mutations, such as H3 histone variants (HIST1H3B and H3F3A) and BRAF V600E, may be useful in identifying tumors with different prognoses, as the mutations are considered to drive two distinct oncogenic programs. The present study performed a retrospective analysis of pediatric HGGs. In total, 42 cases of HGG, including 32 cases (76.1%) of anaplastic astrocytoma and 10 cases (23.8%) of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), were assessed. The median age of the patients was 7 years (range, 0-32 years). Mutations on histone H3, in particular the K27M and G34R mutations in the distinct variants HIST1H3B and H3F3A, in addition to the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation, were analyzed in 24 patients. The H3F3A K27M mutation was identified in 7 patients (29.1%), while the HIST1H3B K27M mutation was only observed in 1 patient with GBM. In addition, 5 patients harbored a BRAF V600E mutation (21%), while the H3F3A G34R mutation was not recorded in any of the patients. The overall survival of the wild-type patients at 20 months was 68% [confidence interval (CI): 38-85%] compared with 28% (CI: 0.4-60%) in patients with the H3F3A K27M mutation. These results suggested that patients with the H3F3A K27M mutation had a worse prognosis compared with wild-type patients (P=0.0045). Moreover, 3/5 patients with the BRAF V600E mutation had HGGs that were derived from a previous low-grade glioma (LGG; P=0.001). In conclusion, these results suggested that histone H3 mutations may help predict the outcome in patients with HGG. In addition, the BRAF V600E mutation was found to be associated with an increased risk of anaplastic progression. The novel data of the present study may help better define the clinical and radiological characteristics of glioma.

Dataset Information

A preclinical study demonstrating the efficacy of nilotinib in inhibiting the growth of pediatric high-grade glioma.

Publications

A preclinical study demonstrating the efficacy of nilotinib in inhibiting the growth of pediatric high-grade glioma.

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