Gene-by-Environment Interactions in Pancreatic Cancer: Implications for Prevention.

ABSTRACT: Pancreatic cancer (PC) has been estimated to have higher incidence and correspondingly higher mortality rates in more developed regions worldwide. Overall, the age-adjusted incidence rate is 4.9/10(5) and age-adjusted mortality rate is at 4.8/10(5). We review here our current knowledge of modifiable risk factors (cigarette smoking, obesity, diet, and alcohol) for PC, genetic variants implicated by genome-wide association studies, possible genetic interactions with risk factors, and prevention strategies to provide future research directions that may further our understanding of this complex disease. Cigarette smoking is consistently associated with a two-fold increased PC risk. PC associations with dietary intake have been largely inconsistent, with the potential exception of certain unsat

SUBMITTER: Jansen RJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4445433 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature