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Isolation and prominent aboriginal maternal legacy in the present-day population of La Gomera (Canary Islands).

ABSTRACT: The present-day population structure of La Gomera is outstanding in its high aboriginal heritage, the greatest in the Canary Islands. This was earlier confirmed by both mitochondrial DNA and autosomal analyses, although genetic drift due to the fifteenth century European colonization could not be excluded as the main factor responsible. The present mtDNA study of aboriginal remains and extant samples from the six municipal districts of the island indeed demonstrates that the pre-Hispanic colonization of La Gomera by North African people involved a strong founder event, shown by the high frequency of the indigenous Canarian U6b1a lineage in the aboriginal samples (65%). This value is even greater than that observed in the extant population (44%), which in turn is the highest of all the seven Canary Islands. In contrast to previous results obtained for the aboriginal populations of Tenerife and La Palma, haplogroups related to secondary waves of migration were not detected in La Gomera aborigines, indicating that isolation also had an important role in shaping the current population. The rugged relief of La Gomera divided into several distinct valleys probably promoted subsequent aboriginal intra-insular differentiation that has continued after the European colonization, as seen in the present-day population structure observed on the island.

SUBMITTER: Fregel R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4538205 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Isolation and prominent aboriginal maternal legacy in the present-day population of La Gomera (Canary Islands).

Fregel Rosa R Cabrera Vicente M VM Larruga José M JM Hernández Juan C JC Gámez Alejandro A Pestano Jose J JJ Arnay Matilde M González Ana M AM

European journal of human genetics : EJHG 20141119 9

The present-day population structure of La Gomera is outstanding in its high aboriginal heritage, the greatest in the Canary Islands. This was earlier confirmed by both mitochondrial DNA and autosomal analyses, although genetic drift due to the fifteenth century European colonization could not be excluded as the main factor responsible. The present mtDNA study of aboriginal remains and extant samples from the six municipal districts of the island indeed demonstrates that the pre-Hispanic coloniz ...[more]

PMID: 25407001

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Project description:Two Streptomyces strains, labeled as MZ03-37T and MZ03-48, were isolated from two different samples, a mucolite-type speleothem and a microbial mat on the walls of a lava tube from La Palma Island (Canary Islands). Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated sequences of six housekeeping genes indicated that both strains belonged to the same species. The closest relatives for both strains were Streptomyces palmae CMU-AB204T (98.71%), Streptomyces catenulae NRRL B-2342T (98.35%), and Streptomyces ramulosus NRRL B-2714T (98.35%). Multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA), based on five house-keeping gene alleles (i.e., atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB, and trpB), indicated that both isolated strains were closely related to S. catenulae NRRL B-2342T. Whole-genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) scores of both strains were in the threshold value for species delineation with the closest species. Both strains presented a G+C content of 72.1 mol%. MZ03-37T was light brown in substrate and white in aerial mycelium, whereas MZ03-48 developed a black aerial and substrate mycelium. No pigment diffusion was observed in both strains. They grew at 10°C-37°C (optimum 28°C-32°C) and in the presence of up to 15% (w/v) NaCl. MZ03-37T grew at pH 5-10 (optimal 6-9), whereas MZ03-48 grew at pH 4-11 (optimal 5-10). LL-Diaminopimelic acid was the main diamino acid identified. The predominant fatty acids in both strains were iso-C16:0, anteiso-C15:0, C16:0, and iso-C14:0. The major isoprenoid quinones were MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8), and the main polar lipids were aminolipid, phospholipid, and phosphoglycolipid. In silico analyses for functional annotation predicted the presence of gene clusters involved in resistome mechanisms and in the synthesis of described antimicrobials such as linocin-M18 and curamycin, as well as different genes likely involved in mechanisms for active compound synthesis, both already described and not discovered so far. On the basis of their phylogenetic relatedness and their phenotypic and genotypic features, the strains MZ03-37T and MZ03-48 represented a novel species within the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces benahoarensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MZ03-37T (= CECT 9805 = DSMZ 8002); and MZ03-48 (= CECT 9806 = DSMZ 8011) is a reference strain.

Dataset Information

Isolation and prominent aboriginal maternal legacy in the present-day population of La Gomera (Canary Islands).

Publications

Isolation and prominent aboriginal maternal legacy in the present-day population of La Gomera (Canary Islands).

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