Alcohol stimulates macrophage activation through caspase-dependent hepatocyte derived release of CD40L containing extracellular vesicles.

ABSTRACT:

Background & aims

The mechanisms by which hepatocyte exposure to alcohol activates inflammatory cells such as macrophages in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are unclear. The role of released nano-sized membrane vesicles, termed extracellular vesicles (EV), in cell-to-cell communication has become increasingly recognized. We tested the hypothesis that hepatocytes exposed to alcohol may increase EV release to elicit macrophage activation.

Methods

Primary hepatocytes or HepG2 hepatocyte cell lines overexpressing ethanol-metabolizing enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase (HepG2(ADH)) or cytochrome P450 2E1 (HepG2(Cyp2E1)) were treated with ethanol and EV release was quantified with nanoparticle tracking analysis. EV mediated macrophage activation was monitored by analysing inflammatory cy

SUBMITTER: Verma VK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4761285 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature