X chromosome-wide analysis identifies DNA methylation sites influenced by cigarette smoking.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Tobacco smoking is a major cause of chronic disease worldwide. Smoking may induce cellular and molecular changes including epigenetic modification, with both short-term and long-term modification patterns that may contribute to phenotypic expression of diseases. Recent epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have identified dozens of smoking-related DNA methylation (DNAm) sites. However, the X chromosomal DNAm sites have been largely overlooked due to a lack of an analytical framework for dealing with the sex-dimorphic distribution. To identify novel smoking-related DNAm sites on the X chromosome, we examined the modality of each X chromosomal DNAm site and conducted a sex-specific association study of cigarette smoking.

Results

We used a discovery sample of 139

SUBMITTER: Klebaner D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4765206 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature