Lifetime Smoking History and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Cohort Study with 43 Years of Follow-Up.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In general, smoking increases the risk of mortality. However, it is less clear how the relative risk varies by cause of death. The exact impact of changes in smoking habits throughout life on different mortality risks is less studied.

Methods

We studied the impact of baseline and lifetime smoking habits, and duration of smoking on the risk of all-cause mortality, mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), any cancer and of the four most common types of cancer (lung, colorectal, prostate, and breast cancer) in a cohort study (Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen 1965-1990, with a follow-up on mortality status until 2009, n = 8,645). We used Cox regression models adjusted for age, BMI, sex, and place of residence. Since previous stud

SUBMITTER: Taghizadeh N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4824471 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature