The Nlrp3 inflammasome, IL-1?, and neutrophil recruitment are required for susceptibility to a nonhealing strain of Leishmania major in C57BL/6 mice.

ABSTRACT: Infection of C57BL/6 mice with most Leishmania major strains results in a healing lesion and clearance of parasites from the skin. Infection of C57BL/6 mice with the L. major Seidman strain (LmSd), isolated from a patient with chronic lesions, despite eliciting a strong Th1 response, results in a nonhealing lesion, poor parasite clearance, and complete destruction of the ear dermis. We show here that in comparison to a healing strain, LmSd elicited early upregulation of IL-1? mRNA and IL-1?-producing dermal cells and prominent neutrophil recruitment to the infected skin. Mice deficient in Nlrp3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain, or caspase-1/11, or lacking IL-1? or IL-1 receptor signaling, developed healing lesions and cleared LmSd from the infection site. Mice resistant to LmSd had a stronger antigen-specific Th1 response. The possibility that IL-1? might act through neutrophil recruitment to locally suppress immunity was supported by the healing observed in neutropenic Genista mice. Secretion of mature IL-1? by LmSd-infected macrophages in vitro was dependent on activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome and caspase-1. These data reveal that Nlrp3 inflammasome-dependent IL-1?, associated with localized neutrophil recruitment, plays a crucial role in the development of a nonhealing form of cutaneous leishmaniasis in conventionally resistant mice.

SUBMITTER: Charmoy M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4828310 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature