Dataset Information

Adiabatic far-field sub-diffraction imaging.

ABSTRACT: The limited resolution of a conventional optical imaging system stems from the fact that the fine feature information of an object is carried by evanescent waves, which exponentially decays in space and thus cannot reach the imaging plane. We introduce here an adiabatic lens, which utilizes a geometrically conformal surface to mediate the interference of slowly decompressed electromagnetic waves at far field to form images. The decompression is satisfying an adiabatic condition, and by bridging the gap between far field and near field, it allows far-field optical systems to project an image of the near-field features directly. Using these designs, we demonstrated the magnification can be up to 20 times and it is possible to achieve sub-50 nm imaging resolution in visible. Our approach provides a means to extend the domain of geometrical optics to a deep sub-wavelength scale.

SUBMITTER: Cang H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4839783 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adiabatic far-field sub-diffraction imaging.

Cang Hu H Salandrino Alessandro A Wang Yuan Y Zhang Xiang X

Nature communications 20150810

The limited resolution of a conventional optical imaging system stems from the fact that the fine feature information of an object is carried by evanescent waves, which exponentially decays in space and thus cannot reach the imaging plane. We introduce here an adiabatic lens, which utilizes a geometrically conformal surface to mediate the interference of slowly decompressed electromagnetic waves at far field to form images. The decompression is satisfying an adiabatic condition, and by bridging ...[more]

PMID: 26258769

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Project description:In pre-clinical models of brain gliomas, Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field in second rotating frame (TRAFF2), continues wave T1rho (T1ρcw), adiabatic T1rho (T1ρadiab), and adiabatic T2rho (T2ρadiab) relaxation time mappings have demonstrated potential to non-invasively characterize brain gliomas. Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility and potential of 4 different spin lock methods at 3T to characterize primary brain glioma. 22 patients (26-72 years) with suspected primary glioma. T1ρcw was performed using pulse peak amplitude of 500Hz and pulse train durations of 40 and 80 ms while the corresponding values for T1ρadiab, T2ρadiab, TRAFF2 were 500/500/500Hz and 48 and 96, 64 and 112, 45 and 90 ms, respectively. The parametric maps were calculated using a monoexponential model. Molecular profiles were evaluated from tissue specimens obtained during the resection. The lesion regions-of-interest were segmented from high intensity FLAIR using automatic segmentation with manual refinement. Statistical descriptors from the voxel intensity values inside each lesion and radiomic features (Pyrad MRC package) were calculated. From extracted radiomics, mRMRe R package version 2.1.0 was used to select 3 features in each modality for statistical comparisons. Of the 22 patients, 10 were found to have IDH-mutant gliomas and of those 5 patients had 1p/19q codeletion group comparisons. Following correction for effects of age and gender, at least one statistical descriptor was able to differentiate between IDH and 1p/19q codeletion status for all the parametric maps. In the radiomic analysis, corner-edge detector features with Harris-Stephens filtered signal showed significant group differences in IDH and 1p/19q codeletion groups. Spin lock imaging at 3T of human glioma was feasible and various qualitative parameters derived from the parametric maps were found to have potential to differentiate IDH and 1p19q codeletion status. Future larger prospective clinical trials are warranted to evaluate these methods further.

Dataset Information

Adiabatic far-field sub-diffraction imaging.

Publications

Adiabatic far-field sub-diffraction imaging.

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