From unwitnessed fatality to witnessed rescue: Pharmacologic intervention in sudden unexpected death in epilepsy.

ABSTRACT: The mechanisms of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) have been difficult to define, as most cases occur unwitnessed, and physiologic recordings have been obtained in only a handful of cases. However, recent data obtained from human cases and experimental studies in animal models have brought us closer to identifying potential mechanisms. Theories of SUDEP should be able to explain how a seizure starting in the forebrain can sometimes lead to changes in brainstem cardiorespiratory control mechanisms. Herein we focus on three major themes of work on the causes of SUDEP. First, evidence is reviewed identifying postictal hypoventilation as a major contributor to the cause of death. Second, data are discussed that brainstem serotonin and adenosine pathways may be involved, as well as h

SUBMITTER: Richerson GB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4890608 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature