Bradykinin in Hemipepsis ustulata: A novel method for safely milking wasps.

ABSTRACT: Wasp venom characterization is of interest across multiple disciplines such as medicinal chemistry and evolutionary biology. A simple method is described herein to milk wasp venom without undue risks to the researcher. The wasps were immobilized by cooling for safe handling, restrained, and their venom was collected on parafilm. Bradykinin from Hemipepsis ustulata was identified by LC-MS/MS during method verification.

SUBMITTER: White SR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4902793 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature