Social disinhibition is a heritable subphenotype of tics in Tourette syndrome.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To identify heritable symptom-based subtypes of Tourette syndrome (TS).

Methods

Forty-nine motor and phonic tics were examined in 3,494 individuals (1,191 TS probands and 2,303 first-degree relatives). Item-level exploratory factor and latent class analyses (LCA) were used to identify tic-based subtypes. Heritabilities of the subtypes were estimated, and associations with clinical characteristics were examined.

Results

A 6-factor exploratory factor analysis model provided the best fit, which paralleled the somatotopic representation of the basal ganglia, distinguished simple from complex tics, and separated out socially disinhibited and compulsive tics. The 5-class LCA model best distinguished among the following groups: unaffected, simple tics, intermediate

SUBMITTER: Hirschtritt ME 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4970665 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature