Pharmaceutical occurrence in groundwater and surface waters in forests land-applied with municipal wastewater.

ABSTRACT: The occurrence and fate of pharmaceutical and personal care products in the environment are of increasing public importance because of their ubiquitous nature and documented effects on wildlife, ecosystems, and potentially humans. One potential, yet undefined, source of entry of pharmaceuticals into the environment is via the land application of municipal wastewater onto permitted lands. The objective of the present study is to determine the extent to which pharmaceuticals are mitigated by or exported from managed tree plantations irrigated with municipal wastewater. A specific focus of the present study is the presence of pharmaceutical compounds in groundwater and surface water discharge. The study site is a municipality that land-applies secondary treated wastewater onto 930 hectares of

SUBMITTER: McEachran AD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4976290 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature