Initiation of antiretroviral therapy before detection of colonic infiltration by HIV reduces viral reservoirs, inflammation and immune activation.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Colonic infiltration by HIV occurs soon after infection, establishing a persistent viral reservoir and a barrier to cure. We investigated virologic and immunologic correlates of detectable colonic HIV RNA during acute HIV infection (AHI) and their response to antiretroviral treatment (ART).

Methods

From 49,458 samples screened for HIV, 74 participants were enrolled during AHI and 41 consented to optional sigmoidoscopy, HIV RNA was categorized as detectable (≥50 copies/mg) or undetectable in homogenized colon biopsy specimens. Biomarkers and HIV burden in blood, colon and cerebrospinal fluid were compared between groups and after 24 weeks of ART.

Results

Colonic HIV RNA was detectable in 31 participants (76%) and was associated with longer duration since H

SUBMITTER: Crowell TA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5026729 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature