Anthropometric Study of Three-Dimensional Facial Morphology in Malay Adults.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

To establish the three-dimensional (3D) facial soft tissue morphology of adult Malaysian subjects of the Malay ethnic group; and to determine the morphological differences between the genders, using a non-invasive stereo-photogrammetry 3D camera.

Material and methods

One hundred and nine subjects participated in this research, 54 Malay men and 55 Malay women, aged 20-30 years old with healthy BMI and with no adverse skeletal deviation. Twenty-three facial landmarks were identified on 3D facial images captured using a VECTRA M5-360 Head System (Canfield Scientific Inc, USA). Two angular, 3 ratio and 17 linear measurements were identified using Canfield Mirror imaging software. Intra- and inter-examiner reliability tests were carried out using 10 randomly selected i

SUBMITTER: Othman SA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5051712 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature