The 1257 Samalas eruption (Lombok, Indonesia): the single greatest stratospheric gas release of the Common Era.

ABSTRACT: Large explosive eruptions inject volcanic gases and fine ash to stratospheric altitudes, contributing to global cooling at the Earth's surface and occasionally to ozone depletion. The modelling of the climate response to these strong injections of volatiles commonly relies on ice-core records of volcanic sulphate aerosols. Here we use an independent geochemical approach which demonstrates that the great 1257 eruption of Samalas (Lombok, Indonesia) released enough sulphur and halogen gases into the stratosphere to produce the reported global cooling during the second half of the 13th century, as well as potential substantial ozone destruction. Major, trace and volatile element compositions of eruptive products recording the magmatic differentiation processes leading to the 1257 eruption ind

SUBMITTER: Vidal CM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5056521 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature