Dataset Information

Limitations in Activities of Daily Living in Community-Dwelling People Aged 75 and Over: A Systematic Literature Review of Risk and Protective Factors.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Most older people wish to age in place, for which functional status or being able to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) is an important precondition. However, along with the substantial growth of the (oldest) old, the number of people who develop limitations in ADLs or have functional decline dramatically increases in this part of the population. Therefore, it is important to gain insight into factors that can contribute to developing intervention strategies at older ages. As a first step, this systematic review was conducted to identify risk and protective factors as predictors for developing limitations in ADLs in community-dwelling people aged 75 and over.

Methods

Four electronic databases (CINAHL (EBSCO), EMBASE, PsycINFO and PubMed) were searched systematically for potentially relevant studies published between January 1998 and March 2016.

Results

After a careful selection process, 6,910 studies were identified and 25 were included. By far most factors were examined in one study only, and most were considered risk factors. Several factors do not seem to be able to predict the development of limitations in ADLs in people aged 75 years and over, and for some factors ambiguous associations were found. The following risk factors were found in at least two studies: higher age, female gender, diabetes, hypertension, and stroke. A high level of physical activity and being married were protective in multiple studies. Notwithstanding the fact that research in people aged 65 years and over is more extensive, risk and protective factors seem to differ between the 'younger' and 'older' olds.

Conclusion

Only a few risk and protective factors in community-dwelling people aged 75 years and over have been analysed in multiple studies. However, the identified factors could serve both detection and prevention purposes, and implications for future research are given as well.

SUBMITTER: van der Vorst A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5070862 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Limitations in Activities of Daily Living in Community-Dwelling People Aged 75 and Over: A Systematic Literature Review of Risk and Protective Factors.

van der Vorst Anne A Zijlstra G A Rixt GA Witte Nico De N Duppen Daan D Stuck Andreas E AE Kempen Gertrudis I J M GI Schols Jos M G A JM

PloS one 20161019 10

<h4>Background</h4>Most older people wish to age in place, for which functional status or being able to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) is an important precondition. However, along with the substantial growth of the (oldest) old, the number of people who develop limitations in ADLs or have functional decline dramatically increases in this part of the population. Therefore, it is important to gain insight into factors that can contribute to developing intervention strategies at older ag ...[more]

PMID: 27760234

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Project description:BackgroundAs life expectancy increases, the number of older adults with functional limitations is also increasing. Functional limitations are associated with adverse health outcomes such as reduced independence, diminished quality of life (QoL), and disability. Therefore, identifying which activities of daily living (ADLs) are limiting and understanding the influencing factors are crucial for developing tailored interventions. Although various factors influence ADL limitations, few studies have identified the longitudinal factors associated with each ADL. This study explores the longitudinal trends and factors associated with the ADL total score and functional limitations with each ADL among older adults in Korea.MethodsUsing data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) from 2006 to 2020, we analyzed 1,388 people aged 65 and older who had no ADL limitations in 2006. An ADL limitation was defined as partial or complete dependence in any of the following ADLs: getting dressed, washing face and hands, bathing, eating, transferring, toileting, and continence. We used repeated measures analysis of variance and multivariate logistic regression to investigate the trends and predictors of ADL limitations over a 14-year period.ResultsIn 2006, the mean age of the participants was 69.88 years (SD = ±4.11), and 60.20% were female. The prevalence of total ADL limitations and limitations in each of the seven ADLs increased gradually during the 14 years of follow up. In 2020, the ADL items with the highest prevalence of limitations were bathing, getting dressed, and washing face and hands. The common significant predictors for total ADL limitations and limitation in the top three ADLs were age and cognitive function.ConclusionADL limitations among Korean older adults significantly increase over time, which highlights the need for integrated early intervention and continuous support for bathing limitations, including the application of integrated assistive technologies. In particular, because age and cognitive function were identified as the major predictors for limitations in both total ADLs and the top three ADLs, early assessment and appropriate intervention strategies need to consider those factors to prevent ADL limitations in older adults or to meet the immediate needs of those already experiencing ADL limitations. This approach could enhance the QoL for older adults and contribute to the development of long-term healthcare plans.

Project description:BackgroundTreatment of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is more complicated in elderly patients, and multiple daily dosing, complex titration, and high incidences of adverse events can be limiting for many pharmacological treatment options.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether the efficacy and tolerability of once-daily gastroretentive gabapentin (G-GR) is similar between elderly patients (≥75 years) and younger patients (<75 years).MethodsData from two phase III, placebo-controlled studies of 1,800 mg G-GR once daily with dinner in patients with PHN were integrated and analyzed by age subgroups (<75 years, n = 527; ≥75 years, n = 192). Efficacy assessments at endpoint (week 10) included baseline-adjusted change in average daily pain (ADP) and average daily sleep interference (SIS) scores, the proportion of responders (≥30 % pain reduction), and the proportion of patients feeling "Much" or "Very Much" improved on the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC).ResultsCompared with placebo, patients in both age subgroups treated with G-GR (placebo/G-GR) had greater reductions in mean ADP (≥75: -21.9/-34.2 %, p = 0.0348; <75: -29.9/-38.3 %, p = 0.0079) and SIS (≥75: -1.3/-2.4, p = 0.0017; <75: -1.8/-2.7, p < 0.0001), more patients were responders (≥75: 30.4/52.0 %, p = 0.0025; <75: 45.0/54.7 %, p = 0.0265), and more felt "Much" or "Very Much" improved on the PGIC (≥75: 20.7/35.0 %, p = 0.0272; <75: 33.6/44.9 %, p = 0.0077). The most common (placebo/G-GR) adverse events (AEs) were dizziness (≥75: 3.3/12.0 %; <75: 1.8/10.4 %), nausea (≥75: 1.0/5.4 %; <75: 2.9/4.2 %), and somnolence (≥75: 0/5.0 %; <75: 3.7/4.2 %). For all patients, AEs rapidly decreased to low steady levels after 4-5 weeks of treatment. The incidence of serious AEs was low and they were reported more frequently in the placebo than in the G-GR group.ConclusionsTherapy with once-daily G-GR was as effective for treating pain associated with PHN in elderly patients as it was in younger patients. G-GR was well tolerated, and the incidence of the most common AEs did not appear to be age related.

Dataset Information

Limitations in Activities of Daily Living in Community-Dwelling People Aged 75 and Over: A Systematic Literature Review of Risk and Protective Factors.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Limitations in Activities of Daily Living in Community-Dwelling People Aged 75 and Over: A Systematic Literature Review of Risk and Protective Factors.

Similar Datasets

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