CRISPR-Cas Systems Optimize Their Immune Response by Specifying the Site of Spacer Integration.

ABSTRACT: CRISPR-Cas systems defend prokaryotes against viruses and plasmids. Short DNA segments of the invader, known as spacers, are stored in the CRISPR array as immunological memories. New spacers are added invariably to the 5' end of the array; therefore, the first spacer matches the latest foreign threat. Whether this highly polarized order of spacer insertion influences CRISPR-Cas immunity has not been explored. Here we show that a conserved sequence located immediately upstream of the CRISPR array specifies the site of new spacer integration. Mutation of this sequence results in erroneous incorporation of new spacers into the middle of the array. We show that spacers added through polarized acquisition give rise to more robust CRISPR-Cas immunity than spacers added to the middle of the array

SUBMITTER: McGinn J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5096952 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature