Inflammation in Fear- and Anxiety-Based Disorders: PTSD, GAD, and Beyond.

ABSTRACT: The study of inflammation in fear- and anxiety-based disorders has gained interest as growing literature indicates that pro-inflammatory markers can directly modulate affective behavior. Indeed, heightened concentrations of inflammatory signals, including cytokines and C-reactive protein, have been described in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), and phobias (agoraphobia, social phobia, etc.). However, not all reports indicate a positive association between inflammation and fear- and anxiety-based symptoms, suggesting that other factors are important in future assessments of inflammation's role in the maintenance of these disorders (ie, sex, co-morbid conditions, types of trauma exposure, and behavioral sources of inflammation). Th

SUBMITTER: Michopoulos V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5143487 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature