Mixed States in Bipolar Disorder: Etiology, Pathogenesis and Treatment.

ABSTRACT: Many bipolar disorder patients exhibit mixed affective states, which portend a generally more severe illness course and treatment resistance. In the previous renditions of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual mixed states were narrowly defined in the context of bipolar I disorder, but with the advent of DSM-5 the term "mixed episode" was dropped and replaced by "mixed features" specifier which could be broadly applied to manic, hypomanic and depressive episodes in both the bipolar spectrum and major depressive disorders. This paradigm shift reflected their significance in the prognosis and overall management of mood disorders, so that the clinicians should thoroughly familiarize themselves with the contemporary notions surrounding these conditions. The purpose of this manuscript is to bring t

SUBMITTER: Muneer A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5299125 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature