Loss of immune homeostasis dictates SHIV rebound after stem-cell transplantation.

ABSTRACT: The conditioning regimen used as part of the Berlin patient's hematopoietic cell transplant likely contributed to his eradication of HIV infection. We studied the impact of conditioning in simian-human immunodeficiency virus-infected (SHIV-infected) macaques suppressed by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The conditioning regimen resulted in a dramatic, but incomplete depletion of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells and CD20⁺ B cells, increased T cell activation and exhaustion, and a significant loss of SHIV-specific Abs. The disrupted T cell homeostasis and markers of microbial translocation positively correlated with an increased viral rebound after cART interruption. Quantitative viral outgrowth and Tat/rev-induced limiting dilution assays showed that the siz

SUBMITTER: Peterson CW 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5322807 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature