Chymase-producing cells of the innate immune system are required for decidual vascular remodeling and fetal growth.

ABSTRACT: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is caused by insufficient remodeling of spiral arteries (SAs). The mechanism underlying the relevance of natural killer cells (NKs) and mast cells (MCs) for SA remodeling and its effects on pregnancy outcome are not well understood. We show that NK depletion arrested SA remodeling without affecting pregnancy. MC depletion resulted in abnormally remodeled SAs and IUGR. Combined absence of NKs and MCs substantially affected SA remodeling and impaired fetal growth. We found that α-chymase mast cell protease (Mcpt) 5 mediates apoptosis of uterine smooth muscle cells, a key feature of SA remodeling. Additionally, we report a previously unknown source for Mcpt5: uterine (u) NKs. Mice with selective deletion of Mcpt5⁺ cells had un-remodeled SAs an

SUBMITTER: Meyer N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5361184 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature