Dataset Information

RIG-I-Like Receptors and Type I Interferonopathies.

ABSTRACT: Type I interferon (IFN) production by the proper activation of nucleic acid sensors is essential for hosts to eliminate invading viruses. Among these sensors, RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are well-known viral RNA sensors in the cytoplasm that recognize the nonself signatures of viral RNAs to trigger IFN responses. Recent accumulating evidence has clarified that some specific and atypical self-RNAs also cause activation of RLRs independently of virus infection. Importantly, when RLR-activation by these RNAs or a conformational change via missense mutations is sustained, the resulting continuous production of type I IFN will lead to autoimmune disorders. We, herein, focus on autoimmune diseases caused by chronic activation of RLRs and discuss possible mechanisms of their onset.

SUBMITTER: Kato H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5439449 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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RIG-I-Like Receptors and Type I Interferonopathies.

Kato Hiroki H Oh Seong-Wook SW Fujita Takashi T

Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research 20170501 5

Type I interferon (IFN) production by the proper activation of nucleic acid sensors is essential for hosts to eliminate invading viruses. Among these sensors, RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are well-known viral RNA sensors in the cytoplasm that recognize the nonself signatures of viral RNAs to trigger IFN responses. Recent accumulating evidence has clarified that some specific and atypical self-RNAs also cause activation of RLRs independently of virus infection. Importantly, when RLR-activation by ...[more]

PMID: 28475461

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Project description:The group of pattern recognition receptors includes families of Toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, C-type lectin receptors, and RIG-I-like receptors. They are key sensors for a number of infectious agents, some of which are oncogenic, and they launch an immune response against them, normally promoting their eradication. Inherited variations in genes encoding these receptors and proteins and their signaling pathways may affect their function, possibly modulating cancer risk and features of cancer progression. There are numerous studies investigating the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms within or near genes encoding Toll-like receptors and NOD-like receptors, cancer risk, and features of cancer progression. However, there is an almost total absence of articles analyzing the correlation between polymorphisms of genes encoding C-type lectin receptors and RIG-I-like receptors and cancer risk or progression. Nevertheless, there is some evidence supporting the hypothesis that inherited C-type lectin receptor and RIG-I-like receptor variants can be associated with increased cancer risk. Certain C-type lectin receptors and RIG-I-like receptors recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns of potentially oncogenic infectious agents, and certain polymorphisms of genes encoding C-type lectin receptors and RIG-I-like receptors may have functional consequences at the molecular level that can lead to association of such single nucleotide polymorphisms with risk or progression of some diseases that may modulate cancer risk, so these gene polymorphisms may affect cancer risk indirectly. Polymorphisms of genes encoding C-type lectin receptors and RIG-I-like receptors thereby may be correlated with a risk of lung, oral, esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and liver cancer, as well as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, glioblastoma, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma. The list of the most promising polymorphisms for oncogenomic investigations may include rs1926736, rs2478577, rs2437257, rs691005, rs2287886, rs735239, rs4804803, rs16910526, rs36055726, rs11795404, and rs10813831.

Dataset Information

RIG-I-Like Receptors and Type I Interferonopathies.

Publications

RIG-I-Like Receptors and Type I Interferonopathies.

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