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Evolutionary dynamics and genomic features of the Elizabethkingia anophelis 2015 to 2016 Wisconsin outbreak strain.

ABSTRACT: An atypically large outbreak of Elizabethkingia anophelis infections occurred in Wisconsin. Here we show that it was caused by a single strain with thirteen characteristic genomic regions. Strikingly, the outbreak isolates show an accelerated evolutionary rate and an atypical mutational spectrum. Six phylogenetic sub-clusters with distinctive temporal and geographic dynamics are revealed, and their last common ancestor existed approximately one year before the first recognized human infection. Unlike other E. anophelis, the outbreak strain had a disrupted DNA repair mutY gene caused by insertion of an integrative and conjugative element. This genomic change probably contributed to the high evolutionary rate of the outbreak strain and may have increased its adaptability, as many mutations in protein-coding genes occurred during the outbreak. This unique discovery of an outbreak caused by a naturally occurring mutator bacterial pathogen provides a dramatic example of the potential impact of pathogen evolutionary dynamics on infectious disease epidemiology.

SUBMITTER: Perrin A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5458099 | biostudies-literature | 2017 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evolutionary dynamics and genomic features of the Elizabethkingia anophelis 2015 to 2016 Wisconsin outbreak strain.

Perrin Amandine A Larsonneur Elise E Nicholson Ainsley C AC Edwards David J DJ Gundlach Kristin M KM Whitney Anne M AM Gulvik Christopher A CA Bell Melissa E ME Rendueles Olaya O Cury Jean J Hugon Perrine P Clermont Dominique D Enouf Vincent V Loparev Vladimir V Juieng Phalasy P Monson Timothy T Warshauer David D Elbadawi Lina I LI Walters Maroya Spalding MS Crist Matthew B MB Noble-Wang Judith J Borlaug Gwen G Rocha Eduardo P C EPC Criscuolo Alexis A Touchon Marie M Davis Jeffrey P JP Holt Kathryn E KE McQuiston John R JR Brisse Sylvain S

Nature communications 20170524

An atypically large outbreak of Elizabethkingia anophelis infections occurred in Wisconsin. Here we show that it was caused by a single strain with thirteen characteristic genomic regions. Strikingly, the outbreak isolates show an accelerated evolutionary rate and an atypical mutational spectrum. Six phylogenetic sub-clusters with distinctive temporal and geographic dynamics are revealed, and their last common ancestor existed approximately one year before the first recognized human infection. U ...[more]

PMID: 28537263

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Project description:Elizabethkingia anophelis bacteria encounter fluxes of iron in the midgut of mosquitoes, where they live as symbionts. They also establish bacteremia with severe clinical manifestations in humans, and live in water service lines in hospitals. In this study, we investigated the global gene expression responses of E. anophelis to iron fluxes in the midgut of female Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes fed sucrose or blood, and in iron-poor or iron-rich culture conditions. Of 3,686 transcripts revealed by RNAseq technology, 218 were upregulated while 112 were down-regulated under iron-poor conditions. Most of these differentially expressed genes were enriched in functional groups assigned within “biological process,” “cell component” and “molecular function” categories. E. anophelis possessed 4 iron/heme acquisition systems. Hemolysin gene expression was significantly repressed when cells were grown under iron-rich or high temperature (37℃) conditions. Furthermore, hemolysin gene expression was down-regulated after a blood meal, indicating that E. anophelis cells responded to excess iron and its associated physiological stress by limiting iron loading. By contrast, genes encoding respiratory chain proteins were up-regulated under iron-rich conditions, allowing these iron-containing proteins to chelate intracellular free iron. In vivo studies showed that growth of E. anophelis cells increased 3-fold in blood-fed mosquitoes over those in sucrose-fed ones. Deletion of aerobactin synthesis genes led to impaired cell growth in both iron-rich and iron-poor media. Mutants showed more susceptibility to H2O2 toxicity and less biofilm formation than did wild-type cells. Mosquitoes with E. anophelis experimentally colonized in their guts produced more eggs than did those treated with erythromycin or left unmanipulated, as controls. Results reveal that E. anophelis bacteria respond to varying iron concentration in the mosquito gut, harvest iron while fending off iron-associated stress, contribute to lysis of red blood cells, and positively influence mosquito host fecundity.

Dataset Information

Evolutionary dynamics and genomic features of the Elizabethkingia anophelis 2015 to 2016 Wisconsin outbreak strain.

Publications

Evolutionary dynamics and genomic features of the Elizabethkingia anophelis 2015 to 2016 Wisconsin outbreak strain.

Similar Datasets

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