Osmotic Stress-Induced Defective Glial Proteostasis Contributes to Brain Demyelination after Hyponatremia Treatment.

ABSTRACT: Adequate protein folding is necessary for normal cell function and a tightly regulated process that requires proper intracellular ionic strength. In many cell types, imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation can induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which if sustained, can in turn lead to cell death. In nematodes, osmotic stress induces massive protein aggregation coupled with unfolded protein response and ER stress. In clinical practice, patients sustaining rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia are at risk of osmotic demyelination syndrome. The intense osmotic stress sustained by brain cells is believed to be the major risk factor for demyelination resulting from astrocyte death, which leads to microglial activation, blood-brain barrier opening, and later, myelin damage.

SUBMITTER: Gankam-Kengne F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5461785 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature