Association Between Direct-to-Consumer Advertising and Testosterone Testing and Initiation in the United States, 2009-2013.

ABSTRACT:

Importance

Testosterone initiation increased substantially in the United States from 2000 to 2013, especially among men without clear indications. Direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) also increased during this time.

Objective

To investigate associations between televised DTCA and testosterone testing and initiation in the United States.

Design, setting, and population

Ecologic study conducted in designated market areas (DMAs) in the United States. Monthly testosterone advertising ratings were linked to DMA-level testosterone use data from 2009-2013 derived from commercial insurance claims. Associations between DTCA and testosterone testing, initiation, and initiation without recent baseline tests were estimated using Poisson generalized estimating equations.

Expo

SUBMITTER: Layton JB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5471355 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature