Distinct Levels of Reactive Oxygen Species Coordinate Metabolic Activity with Beta-cell Mass Plasticity.

ABSTRACT: The pancreatic beta-cells control glucose homeostasis by secreting insulin in response to nutrient intake. The number of beta-cells is under tight metabolic control, as this number increases with higher nutrient intake. However, the signaling pathways matching nutrition with beta-cell mass plasticity remain poorly defined. By applying pharmacological and genetic manipulations, we show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate dose-dependently beta-cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. In particular, reducing ROS levels in beta-cells blocks their proliferation in response to nutrients. Using a non-invasive genetic sensor of intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), we reveal that glucose can directly increase the levels of H₂O₂. Furthermore, a

SUBMITTER: Ahmed Alfar E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5484671 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature