Dataset Information

Response of soil microbial community to application of biochar in cotton soils with different continuous cropping years.

ABSTRACT: The bacterial community in soils of cotton that have continuously been cropped for 2 years, 6 years, 11 years and 14 years and treated with biochar (B0, 0 t·ha^-1; B1, 12.5 t·ha^-1; and B2, 20 t·ha^-1) was investigated using next-generation sequencing. Of the 45 bacterial genera (relative abundance ratio of genera greater than 0.3%), 21 genera were affected (p < 0.05) by the biochar treatment, whereas 20 genera were affected by the continuous cropping. Between the soils that have been continuously cropped for 2 years and 14 years, 12 different genera were significantly observed (p < 0.05), and 6 genera belonged to the phylum Acidobacteria. The relative abundance of Sphingomonas and Pseudomonas in the biochar-treated soils was significantly higher than that in the soil without biochar treatment (p < 0.05), and the relative abundance of Sphingomonas and Pseudomonas in soils that have been continuously cropped for 2 years and 6 years was significantly higher than that in the soils continuously cropped for 11 years and 14 years (p < 0.05). The results suggest that the biochar application has a significant impact on the soil bacterial community, which may improve the microbial diversity of continuous cropping systems in cotton soils.

SUBMITTER: Han G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5578980 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Response of soil microbial community to application of biochar in cotton soils with different continuous cropping years.

Han Guangming G Lan Jiayang J Chen Quanqiu Q Yu Cui C Bie Shu S

Scientific reports 20170831 1

The bacterial community in soils of cotton that have continuously been cropped for 2 years, 6 years, 11 years and 14 years and treated with biochar (B0, 0 t·ha-1; B1, 12.5 t·ha-1; and B2, 20 t·ha-1) was investigated using next-generation sequencing. Of the 45 bacterial genera (relative abundance ratio of genera greater than 0.3%), 21 genera were affected (p < 0.05) by the biochar treatment, whereas 20 genera were affected by the continuous cropping. Between the s ...[more]

PMID: 28860603

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Project description:Long-term and widespread cotton production in Xinjiang, China, has resulted in significant soil degradation, thereby leading to continuous cropping obstacles; cotton stalk biochar (CSB) addition may be an effective countermeasure to this issue, with effects that are felt immediately by root systems in direct contact with the soil. In this study, we assess the effects of different CSB application rates on soil nutrient contents, root morphology, and root physiology in two soil types commonly used for cotton production in the region. Compared with CK (no CSB addition), a 1% CSB addition increased total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), and organic matter (OM) by 13.3%, 7.2%, and 50% in grey desert soil, respectively , and 36.5%, 19.9%, and 176.4%, respectively, in aeolian sandy soil. A 3% CSB addition increased TN, AP, and OM by 38.8%, 23.8%, and 208.1%, respectively, in grey desert soil, and 36%, 13%, and 183.2%, respectively, in aeolian sandy soil. Compared with the aeolian sandy soil, a 1% CSB addition increased TN, OM, and AP by 95%, 94.8%, and 33.3%, respectively, in the grey desert soil , while in the same soil 3% CSB addition increased TN, OM, and AP by 108%, 21.1%, and 73.9%, respectively. In the grey desert soil, compared with CK, a 1% CSB application increased the root length (RL) (34%), specific root length (SRL) (27.9%), and root volume (RV) (32.6%) during the bud stage, increased glutamine synthetase (GS) (13.9%) and nitrate reductase (NR) activities (237%), decreased the RV (34%) and average root diameter (ARD) (36.2%) during the harvesting stage. A 3% CSB addition increased the RL (44%), SRL (20%), and RV (41.2%) during the bud stage and decreased the RV (29%) and ARD (27%) during the harvesting stage. In the aeolian sandy soil, 1% CSB increased the RL (38.3%), SRL (73.7%), and RV (17%), while a 3% caused a greater increase in the RL (55%), SRL (89%), RV (28%), soluble sugar content (128%), and underground biomass (33.8%). Compared with the grey desert soil, a 1% CSB addition increased the RL (48.6%), SRL (58%), and RV (18.6%) in the aeolian sandy soil, while a 3% further increased the RL (54.8%), SRL (84.2%), RV (21.9%), and soluble sugar content (233%). The mechanisms by which CSB addition improves the two soils differ: root morphology changed from coarse and short to fine and long in the grey desert soil, and from fine and long to longer in the aeolian sandy soil. Overall, a 3% CSB addition may be a promising and sustainable strategy for maintaining cotton productivity in aeolian sandy soil in the Xinjiang region.

Project description:BackgroundIntensive monoculture poses a serious threat to agricultural sustainable development due to the phenomenon of continuous cropping obstacles. Although organic amendment has been considered an efficient and environmentally friendly solution to mitigate this tough issue, the associated mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, a two-year field experiment was conducted with the application of four fertilizers, wood, rice straw, compound biochar-based organic fertilizers (WBF, RBF, CBF) and chemical fertilizer (CF) under tobacco rotation with broad bean and oilseed rape, respectively. This work aims to determine how BFs application alleviates tobacco CCO and to further reveal the underlying action mechanisms primarily focusing on the change of soil micro-ecology environments.ResultsThe results depicted that BFs addition decreased tobacco morbidity (by 15.7-85.0%), heavy metals (Cd, V, Cu, Zn) contents in tobacco, and improved tobacco leaf production yield (by 4.5-20.5%), economic value (by 14.6-34.4%) and chemical quality compared with CF. Rhizosphere soil chemical properties and the structure and diversity of microbial communities were enhanced under BFs treatments, reflecting in the growth of bacterial OTUs number, microbial alpha-diversity, the abundances of some beneficial genera (Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, Gemmatimonas, Trichoderma, Mortierella, Penicillium, Chaetomium, etc.), and the reduction of the numbers of detrimental microbes (Alternaria, Phytophthora nicotianae and Fusarium oxysporum). Moreover, CBF amendment improved the stability and complexity of microbial co-occurrence networks. Soil total carbon, microbial structure, and diversity were the most important explanatory factors for the increase of tobacco leaf yield and economic value.ConclusionsCollectively, BFs application under rotation regime showed the great potential as a practical and environmentally friendly strategy to alleviate tobacco CCO by providing an optimized soil environment.

Project description:IntroductionThe soil harbors a diverse array of microorganisms, and these are essential components of terrestrial ecosystems. The presence of microorganisms in the soil, particularly in the rhizosphere, is closely linked to plant growth and soil fertility.ObjectiveThe primary objective of this study is to assess the potential advantages of integrating microbial inoculants with compound fertilizer in enhancing peanut yield.MethodsWe utilized Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology to conduct our investigation. The experimental design consists of four treatment groups: compound fertilizers (CF), compound fertilizers supplemented with microbial agents (CF + MA), compound fertilizers supplemented with microbial fertilizers (CF + MF), and compound fertilizers supplemented with both microbial agents and microbial fertilizers (CF + MM).ResultsThe experimental results demonstrated a significant increase in peanut yield upon application of CF + MA, CF + MF, and CF + MM treatments. During the blossom stage and pod-setting stage, the soil's catalase, urease, and acid phosphatase activities were significantly increased in the CF + MA, and CF + MM treatments compared to the CF treatment. The application of CF + MA resulted in an increase in bacterial richness in the rhizosphere soil of peanuts, as indicated by the sequencing results. The application of CF + MA, CF + MF, and CF + MM resulted in a reduction of fungal diversity. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla, while Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant phyla in the fungal component of the rhizosphere soil microbiome across all experimental treatments.ConclusionMicrobial agents and fertilizers modify the peanut rhizosphere soil's microbial community structure, as per our findings. The abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria (Bradyrhizobium, Rhizobium, and Burkholderia) and fungi (Trichoderma and Cladophialophora) could increase, while pathogenic fungi (Penicillium and Fusarium) decreased, thereby significantly promoting plant growth and yield of peanut.

Dataset Information

Response of soil microbial community to application of biochar in cotton soils with different continuous cropping years.

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Response of soil microbial community to application of biochar in cotton soils with different continuous cropping years.

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