Dataset Information

Identification of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Salmonella Isolated from Swine Ceca and Retail Pork Chops in the United States.

ABSTRACT: Fluoroquinolones are important antimicrobial drugs used to treat human Salmonella infections, and resistance is rare in the United States for isolates from human and animal sources. Recently, a number of Salmonella isolates from swine cecal contents and retail pork products from National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) surveillance exhibited decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. We identified two qnrB19 quinolone resistance plasmids that are predominantly responsible for this phenomenon and found them distributed among several Salmonella serotypes isolated throughout the United States.

SUBMITTER: Tyson GH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5610501 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Salmonella Isolated from Swine Ceca and Retail Pork Chops in the United States.

Tyson Gregory H GH Tate Heather P HP Zhao Shaohua S Li Cong C Dessai Uday U Simmons Mustafa M McDermott Patrick F PF

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 20170922 10

Fluoroquinolones are important antimicrobial drugs used to treat human Salmonella infections, and resistance is rare in the United States for isolates from human and animal sources. Recently, a number of Salmonella isolates from swine cecal contents and retail pork products from National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) surveillance exhibited decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. We identified two qnrB19 quinolone resistance plasmids that are predomina ...[more]

PMID: 28784677

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Project description:The ability to predict fresh pork tenderness and quality is hindered by an incomplete understanding of molecular factors that influence these complex traits. It is hypothesized that a comprehensive description of the metabolomic and proteomic phenotypes associated with variation in pork tenderness and quality will enhance the understanding and inform the development of rapid and nondestructive methods to measure pork quality. The objective of this investigation was to examine the proteomic and metabolomic profiles of ~2-wk aged pork chops categorized across instrumental tenderness groups. One hundred pork loin chops from a larger sample (N = 120) were assigned to one of the four categories (n = 25) based on instrumental star probe value (Category A, x¯ =4.23 kg, 3.43-4.55 kg; Category B, x¯ =4.79 kg, 4.66-5.00 kg; Category C, x¯ =5.43 kg, 5.20-5.64 kg; and Category D, x¯ =6.21 kg, 5.70-7.41 kg). Soluble protein from ~2 wk aged pork loin was prepared using a low-ionic-strength buffer. Proteins were digested with trypsin, labeled with 11-plex isobaric tandem mass tag reagents, and identified and quantified using a Q-Exactive Mass Spectrometer. Metabolites were extracted in 80% methanol from lyophilized and homogenized tissue samples. Derivatized metabolites were identified and quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Between Categories A and D, 84 proteins and 22 metabolites were differentially abundant (adjusted P < 0.05). Fewer differences were detected in comparison between categories with less divergent tenderness measures. The molecular phenotype of the more tender (Category A) aged chops is consistent with a slower and less extended pH decline and markedly less abundance of glycolytic metabolites. The presence and greater abundance of proteins in the low-ionic-strength extract, including desmin, filamin C, calsequestrin, and fumarate hydratase, indicates a greater disruption of sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial membranes and the degradation and release of structural proteins from the continuous connections of myofibrils and the sarcolemma.

Project description:Non-human primates (NHPs) for biomedical research are commonly infected with Shigella spp. that can cause acute dysentery or chronic episodic diarrhea. These animals are often prophylactically and clinically treated with quinolone antibiotics to eradicate these possible infections. However, chromosomally- and plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance has become an emerging concern for species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. In this study, five individual isolates of multi-drug resistant Shigella flexneri were isolated from the feces of three macaques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing confirmed resistance or decreased susceptibility to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalosporins, gentamicin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, levofloxacin, and nalidixic acid. S. flexneri isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and this drug was used to eradicate infection in two of the macaques. Plasmid DNA from all isolates was positive for the plasmid-encoded quinolone resistance gene qnrS, but not qnrA and qnrB. Conjugation and transformation of plasmid DNA from several S. flexneri isolates into antibiotic-susceptible Escherichia coli strains conferred the recipients with resistance or decreased susceptibility to quinolones and beta-lactams. Genome sequencing of two representative S. flexneri isolates identified the qnrS gene on a plasmid-like contig. These contigs showed >99% homology to plasmid sequences previously characterized from quinolone-resistant Shigella flexneri 2a and Salmonella enterica strains. Other antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factor genes were also identified in chromosome and plasmid sequences in these genomes. The findings from this study indicate macaques harbor pathogenic S. flexneri strains with chromosomally- and plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance genes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in S. flexneri isolated from NHPs and warrants isolation and antibiotic testing of enteric pathogens before treating macaques with quinolones prophylactically or therapeutically.

Dataset Information

Identification of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Salmonella Isolated from Swine Ceca and Retail Pork Chops in the United States.

Publications

Identification of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Salmonella Isolated from Swine Ceca and Retail Pork Chops in the United States.

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