Mechanisms of CNS Viral Seeding by HIV⁺ CD14⁺ CD16⁺ Monocytes: Establishment and Reseeding of Viral Reservoirs Contributing to HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.

ABSTRACT: HIV reservoirs persist despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) and are established within a few days after infection. Infected myeloid cells in the central nervous system (CNS) may contribute to the establishment of a CNS viral reservoir. The mature CD14⁺ CD16⁺ monocyte subset enters the CNS in response to chemokines, including CCL2. Entry of infected CD14⁺ CD16⁺ monocytes may lead to infection of other CNS cells, including macrophages or microglia and astrocytes, and to release of neurotoxic early viral proteins and additional cytokines. This contributes to neuroinflammation and neuronal damage leading to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in ~50% of HIV-infected individuals despite ART. We examined the mechanisms of monocyte entry in t

SUBMITTER: Veenstra M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5654927 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature