Dataset Information

Involuntary Smoking in Adolescents, Their Awareness of Its Harmfulness, and Attitudes towards Smoking in the Presence of Non-Smokers.

ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to examine involuntary smoking among young people, their awareness of its harmfulness and the factors associated with attitudes towards smoking in the presence of non-smokers. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3552 students from a socially disadvantaged rural area in central Poland. Almost 40% of the participants were exposed to involuntary smoking at home and 60% outside of home on a daily or almost daily basis. More than 80% of the students felt that smoking should be banned around children at home, 59% thought it should be banned in vehicles, and 41% in the presence of non-smokers. The majority of the students were aware of the health consequences of active smoking, and 69% understood the threats of passive smoking. Females, never-smokers and current non-smokers, as well as those without smoking parents were more likely to claim that smoking should be banned at home and in vehicles (p < 0.05). Those aware of the fact that smoking was harmful to health, who discussed those issues with their parents and teachers, and who saw school tobacco control policies, were more likely to maintain that passive smoking should be banned (p < 0.05). The study results highlight the need for programs and policies to eliminate involuntary smoking among young people.

SUBMITTER: Kaleta D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5664596 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Involuntary Smoking in Adolescents, Their Awareness of Its Harmfulness, and Attitudes towards Smoking in the Presence of Non-Smokers.

Kaleta Dorota D Polanska Kinga K Wojtysiak Piotr P Szatko Franciszek F

International journal of environmental research and public health 20170921 10

The aim of the study was to examine involuntary smoking among young people, their awareness of its harmfulness and the factors associated with attitudes towards smoking in the presence of non-smokers. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3552 students from a socially disadvantaged rural area in central Poland. Almost 40% of the participants were exposed to involuntary smoking at home and 60% outside of home on a daily or almost daily basis. More than 80% of the students felt that smoking ...[more]

PMID: 28934143

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Project description:BackgroundThe dual-process theory is central to several models of addiction, implying the importance of automatic processes in the maintenance and development of addiction. Implicit beliefs are traces of previous experience which relate to the representation in cognition. Implicit behavioral tendencies are traces of previous experience which relate to the representation in behavioral tendencies. In this study, we aim to provide behavioral evidence for implicit beliefs and implicit behavioral tendencies towards smoking-related cues among Chinese male smokers and non-smokers. We also examine the relationships among implicit beliefs, implicit behavioral tendencies and smoking behaviors of smokers.MethodsIn order to achieve these goals, we used an implicit association test (IAT) to measure implicit beliefs and implicit behavioral tendencies simultaneously. Thirty-nine smokers and twenty-five non-smokers were tested, using smoking-related words and images, as well as neutral words and images as stimuli.ResultsOur analysis shows significant differences in smokers' and non-smokers' implicit beliefs and behavioral tendencies (t62 = 3.494, p < 0.001; t62 = 5.034, p < 0.001). In the group of smokers, implicit beliefs and implicit behavioral tendencies were positively correlated with each other (r = 0.460, p < 0.01). In addition, smokers' scores for implicit behavioral tendencies are negatively correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked per day (r = - 0.51, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study suggests that implicit beliefs and behavioral tendencies toward smoking-related cues vary significantly between Chinese male smokers and non-smokers. In addition, there is a positive correlation between implicit beliefs and behavioral tendencies within smokers. It also shows for the first time that the implicit behavioral tendencies are related to smoking behaviors. Our results may be considered as references for smoking cessation interventions focused on changes at the implicit level, and they provide a new perspective for measuring different dimensions of implicit attitudes by an IAT. This finding might promote the development of the network theory of implicit attitudes.

Project description:BackgroundPublic awareness and engagement are among the main prerequisites for protecting the rights of research participants and for successful and sustainable functioning of research biobanks. The aim of our study was to analyse public awareness and attitudes towards research biobanks in Latvia, and to compare these data with the results of the 2010 Eurobarometer study. We also analysed the influence of awareness and attitudes towards biobanks on willingness to participate in biobank studies and on preferred type of informed consent.MethodsWe developed a 12-question survey repeating seven questions about biobanks from the 2010 Eurobarometer questionnaire and adding five others. After describing the study variables, we performed a two-stage analysis of the results. In the first stage we analysed differences between the answers from 2010 and 2019 and conducted univariate analyses of relationships among particular variables, and between those variables and the socio-demographic characteristics of participants. In the second stage we investigated multivariable associations of willingness to participate and type of consent with awareness, trust and the socio-economic characteristics of participants.ResultsAccording to our study, the general public in Latvia is still not well informed about research biobanks. Fewer respondents have heard about research biobanks than in 2010. At the same time, the number of respondents who are willing to donate biological samples and personal data to a biobank has increased, e.g. the number of respondents who would definitely or probably be willing to provide information about themselves has increased from 25.8.% to 40.7 since 2010. Overall, concerns about the donation of different types of biological samples and data to a biobank have slightly decreased.ConclusionsPublic awareness about biobanks is important for their sustainability. It needs to be increased not only by traditional methods of informing the public, but also by more innovative and participatory approaches, e.g. by citizen science projects. There is a need to strengthen the public visibility and trustworthiness of ethics committees in Latvia in the field of biobanking.

Project description:BackgroundIn the last decade Poland has successfully carried out effective anti-tobacco campaigns and introduced tobacco control legislation. This comprehensive strategy has focused on the general population and has led to a considerable decrease in tobacco consumption. Prisoners constitute a relatively small part of the entire Polish population and smoking habits in this group have been given little attention. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking in Polish male prisoners, factors determining smoking in this group, prisoners' attitudes towards smoking cessation, and to evaluate prisoners' perception of different anti-tobacco measures.MethodsAn anonymous questionnaire including personal, demographic and smoking data was distributed among 944 male inmates. Of these, 907 men aged between 17 and 62 years (mean 32.3 years) met the inclusion criteria of the study. For the comparison of proportions, a chi-square test was used with continuity correction whenever appropriate.ResultsIn the entire group, 81% of the subjects were smokers, 12% - ex-smokers, and 7% - never smokers. Current smokers had significantly lower education level than non-smokers (p < 0.0001) and ever-smokers more frequently abused other psychoactive substances than never smokers (p < 0.0001). Stress was reported as an important factor in prompting smoking (77%). Forty-nine percent of daily smokers were aware of the adverse health consequences of smoking. The majority of smokers (75%) had attempted to quit smoking in the past. Forty percent of smoking prisoners considered an award for abstaining from cigarettes as the best means to limit the prevalence of smoking in prisons.ConclusionThe prevalence of cigarette smoking among Polish prisoners is high. However, a majority of smokers attempt to quit, and they should be encouraged and supported. Efforts to reduce cigarette smoking in prisons need to take into consideration the specific factors influencing smoking habits in prisons.

Dataset Information

Involuntary Smoking in Adolescents, Their Awareness of Its Harmfulness, and Attitudes towards Smoking in the Presence of Non-Smokers.

Publications

Involuntary Smoking in Adolescents, Their Awareness of Its Harmfulness, and Attitudes towards Smoking in the Presence of Non-Smokers.

Similar Datasets

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