Programmed cell death ligands expression in phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas: Relationship with the hypoxic response, immune evasion and malignant behavior.

ABSTRACT: The hypoxic response underlies the pathogenesis and malignant behavior of PCC/PGL. Regulation of PD-1 receptor-ligand signaling, a therapeutically actionable driver of the anti-tumor immune response, is a hypoxic-driven trait across malignancies. We evaluated the prognostic role of PD ligands in association with biomarkers of hypoxia and angiogenesis in patients with PCC/PGL. Tissue microarrays sections including consecutive cases diagnosed between 1983-2011 were stained for PD-L1 and 2, hypoxia inducible factor 1a (Hif-1a), Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CaIX), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A). We explored the biologic significance of PD ligands expression using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for PCC/PGL (n = 184). In total, 100 patients, 10% ma

SUBMITTER: Pinato DJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5674959 | biostudies-literature | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature