Dataset Information

Genotypic and Epidemiological Trends of Acute Gastroenteritis Associated with Noroviruses in China from 2006 to 2016.

ABSTRACT: There are periodical norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis outbreaks around the world. This study aimed to analyze the molecular and epidemiological features of norovirus infections in China during 2006-2016. We extracted epidemiological data from 132 norovirus outbreaks and the norovirus genotyping for 1291 sequences in China over the past ten years. A total of 132 norovirus outbreaks (8133 cases) were reported in China, where the east and south regions were most affected [47.7% (63/132)]. The highest number of outbreaks occurred in 2015. A seasonal pattern has been observed, with a peak from November to the following March. Most of the outbreaks occurred in middle and primary schools, accounting for 28.8% (38/132), and 28.0% (37/132) of outbreaks, respectively. The dominant age group was 10 to 19 years old, responsible for 75.7% (933/1232) of cases. Generally, the dominant genotypes was GII, for 81.9% (1058/1291) of sequences. G II.4 was the predominant genotype in China from 2004 to 2014. However, the GII.17 became more prevalent starting in 2014. Norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis increased sharply in recent years caused by the emergence of GII.17, but epidemiological features have not changed during 2006-2016. Vigilant surveillance should be strengthened to promptly detect any variation.

SUBMITTER: Qin SW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5707980 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genotypic and Epidemiological Trends of Acute Gastroenteritis Associated with Noroviruses in China from 2006 to 2016.

Qin Shu-Wen SW Chan Ta-Chien TC Cai Jian J Zhao Na N Miao Zi-Ping ZP Chen Yi-Juan YJ Liu She-Lan SL

International journal of environmental research and public health 20171103 11

There are periodical norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis outbreaks around the world. This study aimed to analyze the molecular and epidemiological features of norovirus infections in China during 2006-2016. We extracted epidemiological data from 132 norovirus outbreaks and the norovirus genotyping for 1291 sequences in China over the past ten years. A total of 132 norovirus outbreaks (8133 cases) were reported in China, where the east and south regions were most affected [47.7% (63/132)]. ...[more]

PMID: 29099784

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Project description:BackgroundWith the help of an existing citywide comprehensive surveillance on gastroenteritis outpatients, although norovirus genogroup II (NoV GII) was tested routinely, its genotypes were never investigated systematically on a municipal level. This study aimed to understand the prevalence, major genotypes and evolutional trends of NoV GII in Shanghai during the period of 2016-2018, and to provide molecular bases for early warning for any potential NoV outbreaks.Methods27 sentinel hospitals from all 16 districts were recruited by stratified probability proportional to size (PPS) method in Shanghai comprehensive diarrhea surveillance programme. Stool samples were collected and screened for NoV GII by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). For samples that were positive in qRT-PCR, conventional RT-PCR was performed to amplify the ORF1-ORF2 junction of NoV GII gene. Generated sequences were typed by RIVM online genotyping tool, and then strains of interest were analyzed phylogenetically using MEGA 6.0.ResultsA total of 7883 stool samples were collected from diarrhea outpatients, among which 6474 were from adults and 1409 were from children. 13.66% (1077 cases) were screened positive in qRT-PCR for NoV GII, from which 71.96% (775 cases) were sequenced successfully. The top three genotypes were GII.Pe/GII.4 (37%), GII.P17/GII.17 (26%) and GII.P16/GII.2 (17%). While GII.Pe/GII.4 detection rate decreased significantly over the 3 years (from 48.4 to 20.9%); GII.P16/GII.2 appeared for the first time in October 2016 and rose rapidly to 27.0% in 2017, but fell back to 23.4% in 2018. Meanwhile there was a significant increase for both GII.P12/GII.3 and GII.P7/GII.6 recombinant genotypes detected in adult population in 2018. Phylogenic analysis revealed the existence of multiple gene clusters within both of these recombinant genotypes.ConclusionUnlike the alternating circulation of GII.4 and non-GII.4 NoV observed in 2016 or 2017, the genotype profile of NoV GII in 2018 was characterized by the co-prevalence of multiple recombinant genotypes. A recent increase in detection rate in less reported recombinant genotypes such as GII.P12/GII.3 and GII.P7/GII.6 among adult population calls for a continuing close monitoring on NoV GII genotypes in case of potential local outbreaks.

Project description:BackgroundAcute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) is classified as a class C notifiable infectious disease in China and poses a great threat to public health. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological trends and hotspots of AHC in mainland China. Sociodemographic factors that could contribute to early warning of AHC were further explored.MethodsYearly and monthly incidences of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis by date and region from 2004 to 2018 were extracted from the Data Center of China Public Health Science. Joinpoint regression and spatial autocorrelation analysis were performed to explore the epidemiological trends and hotspots of AHC. A generalized linear model was then applied to explore the relationship between sociodemographic factors and AHC incidence.ResultsThe average annual AHC incidence was 3.58/100,000 in mainland China. The first-level spatial and temporal aggregation areas were distributed in Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Chongqing, Hubei, Anhui, and Zhejiang, with gathering times from 2010/1/1 to 2010/12/31 (RR = 20.13, LLR = 474,522.89, P < 0.01). After 2010, the AHC incidence was stable (APC = - 8.37, 95% CI: - 23.02-9.06). However, it was significantly increased in low- and middle-income provinces (AAPC = 10.65, 95% CI: 0.62-21.68, AAPC = 11.94, 95% CI: 0.62-24.53). The peak of AHC occurred during the August to October period. Children who age 0-3 years are identified as high-risk group with AHC incidence significantly increased (APC = 31.54, 95% CI: 0.27-72.56). Birth rate, population ages 0-14 (% of total population), passenger traffic, and urban population (% of total population) were positively associated with the AHC incidence, while per capita gross domestic product was negatively associated with the AHC incidence.ConclusionOverall, the AHC incidence was stable after 2010 in China, but it was significantly increased in low- and middle-income provinces. Regions with a high birth rate, population ages 0-14 (% of the total population), passenger traffic, urban population (% of the total population) and low per capita gross domestic product are at high risk of incidences of AHC. In the future, public health policy and resource priority for AHC in regions with these characteristics are necessary.

Project description:BackgroundRoad traffic accidents are one of the serious disasters that cause public injury, fatality and great economic loss. They are a growing public health problem around the world.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine epidemiological characteristics, tendency and possible influencing factors of road traffic injuries (RTIs) in China, so as to give target suggestions on preventative measures.MethodsRoad traffic accident data were obtained from National Bureau of Statistics of China and Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China. Descriptive statistic such as RTIs frequency, trends of different accident types from 2007 to 2016; the RTIs difference between different regions and road surfaces were compared; and the possible influencing factors of RTIs were also explored.ResultsOver the past decade, with the mileage of constructed highway increased, the frequency of road traffic accidents have declined substantially in China, and the death toll from road traffic accidents with motor vehicles has declined from 2007 to 2015, Conversely, the number of deaths from non-motor vehicle accidents has risen rapidly since 2012. Our study showed that the traffic accident related mortality in Guizhou province was different from the level of the whole nation, and the Eastern, Central and Western areas of China were all significantly different (P < 0.001). Linear regression suggested a significant affected of gross domestic product (GDP)-per-capita, education level, the number of health institutions, populations, and car ownership status on traffic accident death tolls (P < 0.001). Moreover, cement concrete pavement roads were associated with the highest occurrence rates of RTI, and RTIs was statistically significant (P < 0.001) on different road surfaces.ConclusionEven though the frequency of road traffic accidents has declined, RTIs remain an urgent public health problem in China. Thus, the government should give some target preventative measures to reduce RTIs, aiming at different regions, the increasing trend of the death toll related to non-motor vehicles and the highest occurrence on cement concrete pavement roads.

Dataset Information

Genotypic and Epidemiological Trends of Acute Gastroenteritis Associated with Noroviruses in China from 2006 to 2016.

Publications

Genotypic and Epidemiological Trends of Acute Gastroenteritis Associated with Noroviruses in China from 2006 to 2016.

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