Dataset Information

Early-Mid Pleistocene genetic differentiation and range expansions as exemplified by invasive Eurasian Bunias orientalis (Brassicaceae) indicates the Caucasus as key region.

ABSTRACT: Turkish Warty cabbage, Bunias orientalis L. (Brassicaceae) is a perennial herb known for its 250 years of invasion history into Europe and worldwide temperate regions. Putative centers of origin were debated to be located in Turkey, the Caucasus or Eastern Europe. Based on the genetic variation from the nuclear and plastid genomes, we identified two major gene pools in the Caucasian-Irano-Turanian region and close to the Northern Caucasus, respectively. These gene pools are old and started to diverge and expand approximately 930?kya in the Caucasus. Pleistocene glaciation and deglaciation cycles favoured later expansion of a European gene pool 230?kya, which was effectively separated from the Caucasian-Irano-Turanian gene pool. Although the European gene pool is genetically less diverse, it has largely served as source for colonization of Western and Northern Europe in modern times with rare observations of genetic contributions from the Caucasian-Irano-Turanian gene pool such as in North-East America. This study largely utilized herbarium material to take advantage of a biodiversity treasure trove providing biological material and also giving access to detailed collection information.

SUBMITTER: Koch MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5711908 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Early-Mid Pleistocene genetic differentiation and range expansions as exemplified by invasive Eurasian Bunias orientalis (Brassicaceae) indicates the Caucasus as key region.

Koch Marcus A MA Michling Florian F Walther Andrea A Huang Xiao-Chen XC Tewes Lisa L Müller Caroline C

Scientific reports 20171201 1

Turkish Warty cabbage, Bunias orientalis L. (Brassicaceae) is a perennial herb known for its 250 years of invasion history into Europe and worldwide temperate regions. Putative centers of origin were debated to be located in Turkey, the Caucasus or Eastern Europe. Based on the genetic variation from the nuclear and plastid genomes, we identified two major gene pools in the Caucasian-Irano-Turanian region and close to the Northern Caucasus, respectively. These gene pools are old and started to di ...[more]

PMID: 29196646

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Project description:The global shift of species' distributions has led to high numbers of noninvasive naturalized plants and the accumulation of invasive species within ecosystems. Competition between species may influence population dynamics, but little is known about the impacts of competition between conspecifics of naturalized and invasive populations. We investigated several plant traits at initial growth and regrowth following artificial defoliation in intra and interpopulation competition. Therefore, we used plants of Bunias orientalis from one noninvasive naturalized and one invasive population grown alone or in competition of two or three. Plants from the naturalized population were expected to be less competitive than plants from the invasive population, reflecting their differential impact in the introduced range. Independent of status, intrapopulation competition was expected to have less negative impacts on plants than interpopulation competition. Our results show that competition impacted mostly growth- rather than physiology-related traits. The relative magnitude of intra and interpopulation competition differed among plant traits at the first and second harvest. Plants of the invasive population outperformed the naturalized population by allocating relatively more resources to the aboveground biomass and producing more and longer leaves particularly when grown in competition against two plants. Moreover, plants of the invasive population were more competitive, which may influence their successful establishment and range expansion in the introduced range, but growth patterns differed after artificial defoliation. Although evolution of intrapopulation competition in naturalized and invasive ranges may be expected, interpopulation competition seems to adversely impact the performance of the naturalized plant population of B. orientalis studied here. Apart from the status (naturalized vs. invasive), other factors may have had an influence on plant performance. Thus, further research is needed with more naturalized and invasive populations to test the generality of our findings and to isolate the specific mechanisms driving differences in competitiveness.

Dataset Information

Early-Mid Pleistocene genetic differentiation and range expansions as exemplified by invasive Eurasian Bunias orientalis (Brassicaceae) indicates the Caucasus as key region.

Publications

Early-Mid Pleistocene genetic differentiation and range expansions as exemplified by invasive Eurasian Bunias orientalis (Brassicaceae) indicates the Caucasus as key region.

Similar Datasets

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