Degradation of heme oxygenase-1 by the immunoproteasome in astrocytes: A potential interferon-γ-dependent mechanism contributing to HIV neuropathogenesis.

ABSTRACT: Induction of the detoxifying enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a critical protective host response to cellular injury associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. We previously found that HO-1 protein expression is reduced in brains of HIV-infected individuals with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and in HIV-infected macrophages, where this reduction associates with enhanced glutamate release and neurotoxicity. Because HIV-infected macrophages are a small component of the cellular content of the brain, the reduction of macrophage HO-1 expression likely accounts for a small portion of brain HO-1 loss in HIV infection. We therefore investigated the contribution of astrocytes, the major pool of brain HO-1. We identified immunoproteasome-mediated HO-1 degradation in astrocy

SUBMITTER: Kovacsics CE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5739592 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature