Post-Translational Modifications of Protein Backbones: Unique Functions, Mechanisms, and Challenges.

ABSTRACT: Post-translational modifications (PTMs) dramatically enhance the capabilities of proteins. They introduce new functionalities and dynamically control protein activity by modulating intra- and intermolecular interactions. Traditionally, PTMs have been considered as reversible attachments to nucleophilic functional groups on amino acid side chains, whereas the polypeptide backbone is often thought to be inert. This paradigm is shifting as chemically and functionally diverse alterations of the protein backbone are discovered. Importantly, backbone PTMs can control protein structure and function just as side chain modifications do and operate through unique mechanisms to achieve these features. In this Perspective, I outline the various types of protein backbone modifications discovered so far

SUBMITTER: Muller MM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5770884 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature