Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterases: rescuing the genome from the risks of relaxation.

ABSTRACT: Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterases 1 (TDP1) and 2 (TDP2) are eukaryotic enzymes that clean-up after aberrant topoisomerase activity. While TDP1 hydrolyzes phosphotyrosyl peptides emanating from trapped topoisomerase I (Top I) from the 3' DNA ends, topoisomerase 2 (Top II)-induced 5'-phosphotyrosyl residues are processed by TDP2. Even though the canonical functions of TDP1 and TDP2 are complementary, they exhibit little structural or sequence similarity. Homozygous mutations in genes encoding these enzymes lead to the development of severe neurodegenerative conditions due to the accumulation of transcription-dependent topoisomerase cleavage complexes underscoring the biological significance of these enzymes in the repair of topoisomerase-DNA lesions in the nervous system. TDP1 can promiscuously

SUBMITTER: Kawale AS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5778467 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature