Serum caffeine and metabolites are reliable biomarkers of early Parkinson disease.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To investigate the kinetics and metabolism of caffeine in serum from patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and controls using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. METHODS:Levels of caffeine and its 11 metabolites in serum from 108 patients with PD and 31 age-matched healthy controls were examined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mutations in caffeine-associated genes were screened by direct sequencing. RESULTS:Serum levels of caffeine and 9 of its downstream metabolites were significantly decreased even in patients with early PD, unrelated to total caffeine intake or disease severity. No significant genetic variations in CYP1A2 or CYP2E1, encoding cytochrome P450 enzymes primarily involved in metabolizing caffeine in humans, were detected compared with controls. Lik

SUBMITTER: Fujimaki M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5791797 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature