Dataset Information

Impaired bone healing at tooth extraction sites in CD24-deficient mice: A pilot study.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

To use a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to quantify bone healing at maxillary first molar extraction sites, and test the hypothesis that bone healing is impaired in CD24-knockout mice as compared with wild-type C57BL/6J mice.

Materials and methods

Under ketamine-xylazine general anaesthesia, mice had either extraction of the right maxillary first molar tooth or sham operation. Mice were sacrificed 1 (n = 12/group), 2 (n = 6/group) or 4 (n = 6/group) weeks postoperatively. The right maxillae was disected. Micro-CT was used to quantify differences in bone microstructural features at extrction sites, between CD24-knockout mice and wild-type mice.

Results

CD24-Knockout mice displayed impaired bone healing at extraction sites that was manifested as decreased trabecular bone density, and decreased number and thickness of trabeculae.

Conclusions

This pilot study suggests that CD24 plays an important role in extraction socket bone healing and may be used as a novel biomarker of bone quality and potential therapeutic target to improve bone healing and density following alveolar bone injury.

SUBMITTER: Avivi-Arber L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5794094 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Impaired bone healing at tooth extraction sites in CD24-deficient mice: A pilot study.

Avivi-Arber Limor L Avivi Doran D Perez Marilena M Arber Nadir N Shapira Shiran S

PloS one 20180201 2

<h4>Aim</h4>To use a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to quantify bone healing at maxillary first molar extraction sites, and test the hypothesis that bone healing is impaired in CD24-knockout mice as compared with wild-type C57BL/6J mice.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Under ketamine-xylazine general anaesthesia, mice had either extraction of the right maxillary first molar tooth or sham operation. Mice were sacrificed 1 (n = 12/group), 2 (n = 6/group) or 4 (n = 6/group) weeks postoperatively ...[more]

PMID: 29390019

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Project description:Bone tissue has a significant potential for healing, which involves a significant the interplay between bone and immune cells. While fracture healing represents a useful model to investigate endochondral bone healing, intramembranous bone healing models are yet to be developed and characterized. In this study, a micro-computed tomography, histomorphometric and molecular (RealTimePCRarray) characterization of post tooth-extraction alveolar bone healing was performed on C57Bl/6 WT mice. After the initial clot dominance (0 h), the development of a provisional immature granulation tissue is evident (7 d), characterized by marked cell proliferation, angiogenesis and inflammatory cells infiltration; associated with peaks of growth factors (BMP-2-4-7,TGFβ1,VEGFa), cytokines (TNFα, IL-10), chemokines & receptors (CXCL12, CCL25, CCR5, CXCR4), matrix (Col1a1-2, ITGA4, VTN, MMP1a) and MSCs (CD105, CD106, OCT4, NANOG, CD34, CD146) markers expression. Granulation tissue is sequentially replaced by more mature connective tissue (14 d), characterized by inflammatory infiltrate reduction along the increased bone formation, marked expression of matrix remodeling enzymes (MMP-2-9), bone formation/maturation (RUNX2, ALP, DMP1, PHEX, SOST) markers, and chemokines & receptors associated with healing (CCL2, CCL17, CCR2). No evidences of cartilage cells or tissue were observed, strengthening the intramembranous nature of bone healing. Bone microarchitecture analysis supports the evolving healing, with total tissue and bone volumes as trabecular number and thickness showing a progressive increase over time. The extraction socket healing process is considered complete (21 d) when the dental socket is filled by trabeculae bone with well-defined medullary canals; it being the expression of mature bone markers prevalent at this period. Our data confirms the intramembranous bone healing nature of the model used, revealing parallels between the gene expression profile and the histomorphometric events and the potential participation of MCSs and immune cells in the healing process, supporting the forthcoming application of the model for the better understanding of the bone healing process.

Project description:Despite various reports on the bone healing processes of tooth extraction socket and long bone fracture, the differences of pathological changes during these healing processes remain elusive. This study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms behind the pathophysiology of bone regeneration between the tooth extraction socket and femoral fractures through a comparative study. Eight-week-old male mice were used in the experiments. The maxillary first molar was extracted, and intramedullary nailing femoral fracture (semistabilized fracture repair) was performed in the femur. Pathological changes in these bone injuries were investigated by micro-CT, histology, immunohistochemistry, and RT-PCR until day 7 post operation. Pathological changes in drill hole injury created in cortical bone of femur were also examined. Micro-CT analyses revealed increases in mineralized tissues in both the tooth extraction socket and femoral fracture. Histological examinations revealed that tooth socket was repaired by intramembranous ossification, and intramedullary nailing femoral fracture was healed by endochondral ossification. Immunohistochemical investigation revealed that tooth socket healing associated with Sp7-positive cells but not Sox9, aggrecan, and type II collagen, while femoral fracture models exhibited positive signals for all antibodies. RT-PCR analyses revealed the expression of Sp7, Col1a1, and Col2a1 in tooth socket healing, and the expression of Sp7, Col1a1, Runx2, Sox9, Acan, Col2a1, and Col10a1 in intramedullary nailing femoral fracture. Drill hole injury was repaired primarily by intramembranous ossification when the periosteum was removed before making the hole. The present study demonstrated that the absence of cartilage appearance during tooth extraction socket healing indicates it as distinctly different pathological features from the healing processes of semistabilized femoral fracture. This study contributes to the understanding of the molecular and cellular characteristics of bone healing among the different sites of bone injury.

Dataset Information

Impaired bone healing at tooth extraction sites in CD24-deficient mice: A pilot study.

Aim

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Impaired bone healing at tooth extraction sites in CD24-deficient mice: A pilot study.

Similar Datasets

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